Work-flow diagram depicting key tools and dialogue between programs

Parameter of slits within the kirigami model

Parameters of hinge parts in kirigami matrices

Von-Mises stress contours on a single hinge in FEA. Top to bottom: tension, compression, bending.

Final ABS and silicone matrices, differentiated by the number of grid units, the hinge travels into the adjacent panel. Across Row 1, Left to Right: 0 unit hinge, 1 unit hinge (on either side), 2 unit hinge (on either side). Bottom row: correspondin

FEA results of tension test (upper row) and compression test (lower row). Non-deformed models were also included in light gray, behind the false-color results.

Post processing method for stretch test and compression test

Stress Strain Curve of PLA Model From Stretch Test and compression test

Process of embedding kirigami pattern onto a hyperbolic surface.

Physical prototype demonstrating that cuts and hinges allow the auxetic hyperbolic surface to be stretched and compressed to eliminate tolerance

kirigami matrices

Category: Research

Collaborator: Madeleine Egges, Jasmine Liu, Ben Norman

This research investigates the potential of kirigami geometry—characterized by folding with strategically placed cuts —through simulations and the development of kinetic and adaptive architectural assemblies. Traditional kinetic assemblies typically rely on rigid components connected by mechanical joints, which offer limited ranges of motion and often necessitate mechatronic actuation. While mechanical motion is effective for certain applications, such systems lack the adaptive capacity, elasticity, and embedded intelligence of more dynamic structures.

In contrast, this research proposes the design of flexible matrices to move away from rigid, mechanically actuated systems toward pliable, continuous 2D and 3D structures capable of elastic deformation in response to external stimuli, without relying on external energy inputs for actuation. As a proof of concept, we developed an integrated panel-and-hinge assembly, where the panels and hinges are not separate, mechanically connected components, but rather functional zones within a continuous matrix. By precisely controlling the characteristics of the individual units—such as panel size, hinge geometry, spacing, and unit shape—it is possible to induce large-scale, adaptive behavioral changes in the overall structure. This approach introduces a new paradigm for adaptive architectural systems, characterized by embedded flexibility and responsiveness.